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107
年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、
國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題
考試別： 國際經濟商務人員考試
等別： 三等考試
類科組： 國際經濟商務人員國際經貿法律組
科目： 英文（含國際貿易政策與法規命令之摘譯與論述）
考試時間： 2小時 座號：
※注意：
禁止使用電子計算器。
代號：30640
頁次：6
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1
甲、申論題部分：（40 分）
不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。
請以黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。
一、英翻中：（10 分）
Trading globally gives consumers the opportunity to be exposed to goods and
services not available in their own countries. Almost every kind of product can be
found on the international market: food, clothes, oil, jewelry, wine, currencies, and
water. Services are also traded. For example, tourism, banking, consulting, and
transportation are traded actively on the international market.
二、中翻英：（10 分）
美國很多公司無法與廉價中國商品競爭，因此必須降低成本或停業。許多企業
通過將工作外包給中國或印度來降低成本。外包增加了美國的失業率。從就業
人數來看，美國製造業在 1998 年至 2010 年期間下降了 34％。隨著這些產業的
衰退，美國在全球市場上的競爭力也在下降。
三、申論題：（20 分）
Please write an essay of no more than 250 words to explain the mission of World
Trade O rga niza t ion (W TO ) a nd w hy it i s im portant for Taiwan to be a member of it.
乙、測驗題部分：（60 分） 代號：4306
本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。
共40 題，每題 1.5 分，須用2B鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。
請依下文回答第 1題至第 5題：
When a big earthquake strikes, it does not do equal harm every where. Places resting on 1 sediment will
shift around a lot and are thus likely to be damaged badly. 2 resting on bedrock are normally better off –
though not if they are stuck at the end of a rocky promontory that 3 a quake’s vibrations in the manner of a
tuning fork. Finding the areas most badly damaged, and 4 most urgently in need of assistance, in an area
whose 5 is not already well understood is thus a high-stakes game of hide-and-seek.
1 even unstable steady durable
2 Thus That These Those
3 amplifies condenses pulls shortens
4 nonetheless contrary therein therefore
5 geomancy geology geopolitics geometry
代號：30640
頁次：6
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2
請依下文回答第 6題至第 10 題：
Laura owns a company based in the United States that has done exceptionally well within the country. She
has maximized her 6 sh are in all 50 states. However, she seeks additional growth for her organization. After
a bit of research, Laura finds that in order to expand brand recognition, revenue potential, and the company’s
consumer base, companies will often look to extend beyond domestic 7 to penetrate global markets, which
are the different economic markets around the world.
Laura decided to use the cash flow she obtained through her success in the domestic market to 8 her
global expansion. But Laura wondered “Where do I begin? How do I get started?” Being the 9 business
owner that she is, Laura found an online course on global market penetration techniques. Although she had a great
understanding of market penetration, there were some important considerations specific to global markets that she
had not yet 10 . After taking the course, Laura explored aspects of each of the Four P’s of Marketing (which
are Place, Product, Promotion, and Price) to expand the company’s reach into international markets. Laura first
needed to decide which global markets to penetrate. She researched many countries before making her final
decision.
6 capital market customer revenue
7 agents windows units borders
8 prefer deter fund retrieve
9 deceitful resourceful fruitful graceful
10 fallen prey to paid respect to taken into account accounted for
請依下文回答第 11 題至第 15 題：
Posture offers insight into a culture’s deep structure. We can see the bond between culture and 11 by
simply looking at the Japanese, Thai, and Indian cultures. In Japan and other Asian countries, the bow is much
more than a greeting. It signifies that culture’s concern with status and rank. In Japan, for example, low posture is
an 12 of respect. Although it appears simple to outsiders, the bowing ritual is actually rather complicated.
The person who occupies the lower station begins the bow, and his or her bow must be deeper than the other
person’s. The superior, 13 , determines when the bowing is to end. When the participants are of equal rank,
they begin the bow in the same manner and end at the same time. The Thai people use a si milar movement called
the “wai.” The “wai” movement, 14 pressing both hands close together in front of one’s body, with the
fingertips reaching to about neck level, is used to show respect. The lower the head comes to the hands, the more
respect is shown. We can see yet another greeting pattern in India. The “namaste” (Indian greeting) is 15 by
a slight bow with the palms of both hands together, the fingertips at the chin. Here the posture when greeting
someone is directly linked with the idea that the Hindus see God in everything – including other people.
11 efficacy prizes strengths values
12 advocator eradicator indicator obligator
13 as a result for one thing in other words on the other hand
14 making by made by to make by makes by
15 carried out put out taken out worn out
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題：
Glocalization is the adaptation of international products around the particularities of a local culture in which
they are sold. The term first appeared in a late 1980s publication of the Harvard Business Review. The
introduction of glocalization or the term “glocal strategy” may be seen as a 16 to improve the present usag e
of the term global strategy.
Apparently, in most areas of the world it is not suitable to apply a genuine or true global strategy, since local
adaptations of the business activities usually have to be 17 in the marketplace. The glocal strategy approach
reflects the aspirations of a global strategy approach, while the necessity for local adaptations of business
activities is 18 acknowledged. The “glocal strategy” concept comprises local, international, multinational,
and global strategy approaches. It differs from the global strategy approach, since it explicitly 19 the
importance of local adaptations and tailoring in the marketplace of business activities. In addition, it comprises
typically international and multinational strategy issues. In short, it is a matter of thinking globally, but acting
locally, i.e., thinking and acting “glocally.”
The glocal strategy approach also sees the need for a balance and harmony between the standardization
versus the adaptation, and the homogenization versus the tailoring, of business activities. Glocalization of a
company’s business activities explicitly comprises the spectrum from local strategy issues to global strategy
issues. The harmony and balance is then achieved when the standardization versus the adaptation as well as the
homogenization versus the tailoring of the business activities are 20 . Accordingly, such balance and harmony
is crucial in a company’s glocal strategy approach and its glocalization of business activities.
16 compromise distinction frontier substitute
代號：30640
頁次：6
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17 broken down into parts looked up to put up with taken into consideration
18 compatibly profoundly subjectively simultaneously
19 invests manipulates obtains recognizes
20 alleviated enlightened intervened optimized
請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題：
Dress codes are written and, more often, unwritten rules with regard to clothing. Clothing, like other aspects
of human physical appearance, has a social significance, with different rules and expectations apply ing depending
on circumstance and occasion. Even within a single day an individual may need to navigate between two or more
dress codes: at a minimum those that apply at their place of work and those at home; usually this ability is a result
of cultural acclimatization. Different societies and cultures will have different dress norms, although Western
styles are widely accepted as valid.
The dress code has built in rules or signals indicating the message being given by a person’s clothing and
how it is worn. This message may include indications of the person’s gender, income, occupation and social class,
political, ethnic and religious affiliation, attitude towards comfort, fashion, traditions, gender expression, marital
status, sexual availability, and sexual orientation. Clothes convey other social messages including the stating or
claiming personal or cultural identity, the establishing, maintaining, or defying social group norms, and
appreciating comfort and functionality.
For example, wearing expensive clothes can communicate we alth, the image of wealth, or cheaper access to
quality clothing. The observer sees the expensive clothes, but may misinterpret the extent to which these factors
apply to the wearer. Clothing can convey a social message, even if none is intended: if the receiver’s code of
interpretation differs from the sender’s code of communication, misinterpretation follows. However clothes may
be worn because they are comfortable and practical, not to convey a message.
In every culture, current fashion governs how clothing is constructed, assembled, and worn to convey a
social message. The rate of change of fashion varies. More extensive changes, requiring more time, money, and
effort to effect, may span generations. When fashion changes, the messages communicated by clothing change.
21 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
Dress codes are written rules usually disregarded in the western society.
Dress codes have built in messages but mostly without cultural indications.
Dress codes may be misinterpreted due to the wearer’s wrong communication skills.
Dress codes may change, and their communicated messages may change as well.
22 What does the phrase “cultural acclimatization” in the passage probably mean?
The ability to change clothes at ease.
The ability to follow the required dress code.
The ability to adapt to climate change.
The ability to change clothes with the changed fashion.
23 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the indications of the dress code in this passage?
sexual identity marriage situation religious affiliation clothing quality
24 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
In some cases, clothes are just worn to show off.
Clothes, expensive or not, always convey a message.
The dresser’s code of communication has to match the observer’s interpretation.
Current fashion governs how clothes are made and dressed.
25 Which of the following statements best summarizes the passage?
Fashion changes when the message intended is changed.
Extensive
fashion change needs more time to effect.
Every culture dictates its own dress norms.
The way people dress communicates.
代號：30640
頁次：6
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4
請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題：
The recent proliferation of drones has spawned intellectual debates on whether a country has the right under
the Law of Armed Conflicts and international law to unilaterally deploy these re motely controlled aircrafts abroad
for military purposes. The use of drones in support of combat operations – particularly striking distant terror
operatives – has become the most controversial legal topic. Many of the most frequently expressed criticisms
about drones and drone warfare do not hold up well under serious scrutiny or, at any rate, there’s nothing uniquely
different or worse about drones when compared to other military technologies. Consider the most common
anti-drone argument: drones kill a disproportionate number of civilian noncombatants. However, drones kill fewer
civilians, as a percentage of total fatalities, than any other military weapon. According to the UN’s mission in
Afghanistan (UNAMA) 2012 report, the number of Afghan civilian casualties caused by the United States and its
allies did not increase in 2012; in fact, they decreased by 46 percent. More specifically, civilian casualties from
“aerial attacks” fell 42 percent. The UNAMA report found that drones released 506 weapons in 2012, compared
to 294 from the previous year. Five incidents resulted in casualties with sixteen civilians killed and three
wounded, up from just one incident in 2011. Even as drone attacks incr eased, the UN reported an overall decrease
in civilian deaths by airstrikes with the US-led coalition implementing stricter measures to prevent innocent
people from being killed. In another empirical report concerning drone strikes cited by The New York Times, 522
strikes have killed an estimated 3,376 militants and 476 civilians, decimating al-Qaida leadership even as the loss
of innocent life intensifies anti-American sentiment in nations where strikes occur. Further, according to The Long
War Journal, an estimated 801 militant deaths in Pakistan occurred from US drone strikes in 2010. This figure is
significantly higher than the 195 drone-caused deaths occurring from 2004 to 2007.
26 According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct about drones used for military
purposes?
Drone warfare kills indiscriminately civilians and combatants.
Drones could be deployed to cause massive noncombatant deaths.
Drones are increasingly inefficient to cause military deaths.
Fewer civilian casualties were caused even with more drone attacks.
27 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
Intellectual debates over the military use of drones abroad are unfounded.
The UNAMA report found that drones are only efficient in wounding soldiers.
The loss of innocent life was significantly dropped even with more aerial attacks in Afghanistan.
The US-led coalition implemented stricter measures against killing innocent combatants in Afghanistan.
28 What is the author’s attitude towards the use of drones as weapon?
positive negative neutral doubtful
29 Where does this passage most likely appear?
an ecology magazine a law journal a science report a military review
30 Which of the following words is close in meaning to “decimating”?
advancing defeating emphasizing promoting
代號：30640
頁次：6
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5
請依下文回答第 31 題至第 35 題：
Pirate spiders are members of the spider group that includes all the “orb weavers” – those that make the
prototypical, circular webs we are all familiar with – but they do not make webs. In fact, they have lost the ability.
They can still produce silk, which they use to build egg sacs and wrap prey. But they are anatomically incapable
of spinning a web. The number of silk “spigots” on their spinnerets is dramatically small compared to their
relatives.
Instead, they invade the webs of other spiders, in a bid to lure and then kill the hapless architect. Gently, they
pluck the strings of the web, enticing the host to approach. Once the host spider has ventured close enough, the
pirate makes its move.
First, it encloses its duped prey within its two enormous front legs. These are fringed with massive spines,
called “macrosetae,” which they use to trap the host within a prison-like basket. Then, the final move: the pirate
bites its prey and uses its fangs to inject a powerful venom that instantly immobilises it. It is a powerfully
effective hunting technique.
“It can be riveting to watch a pirate stealthily wandering while waving its long, first pair of legs to narrow in
on the location of the other spider,” says Mark Townley of the University of New Hampshire. “Despite many
hours spent feeding pirates for our studies on spinnerets, I never became jaded by the sight of them searching for
and attacking prey. It was always a marvel to watch. They can wield that first pair of legs so delicately that I’ve
seen them touch prey spiders so lightly without them reacting in any way, not seeming to even notice.”
But we do not yet fully understand how the pirate’s strategy works. In particular, it is not clear why the pirate
spiders pluck the strings of the host spider’s web. It has long been assumed that the plucking mimics the
vibrations caused by an ensnared insect. Hence, the Latin name for pirate spiders: Mimetidae (i.e., imitator).
However, not all entomologists agree that this is what the pirate spiders are doing. “The behaviour of
resident spiders towards pirate spiders and their own prey is quite different, as are the vibrations in the web
caused by these two sources,” says Carl Kloock of California State University Bakersfield. He has an alternative
suggestion. “It seems to me most likely that pirate spiders are mimicking the vibrations of web-invading spiders
of the same species, and possibly spiders of different species,” says Kloock. “A spider on its web needs to defend
its web – a valuable resource – from other spiders, who may try to take over the web to avoid the cost of building
their own web, or simply try to steal prey from the web.”
31 Which of the following titles best describes the passage?
The Spiders That Hunt Other Spiders How Spiders Get Their Prey
Why Spiders Imitate Other Spiders The Secret of Spiders’ Webs
32 According to this passage, which of the following statements is correct?
I. Pirate spiders have lost the ability of generating silk.
II. Pirate spiders use their fangs to paralyze the other spiders.
III. Pirate spiders produce the vibrations of the prey spider’s web.
I I and II II and III I, II and III
33 What does the word “jaded” most probably mean?
exhausted satisfied pleased irritated
34 Which of the following statements is true about the front legs of pirate spiders?
They are used to conceal themselves. They move quickly and powerfully.
They are used to inject a venom into their prey. They are flanked with macrosetae.
35 Which of the following statements can we infer?
The reason why pirate spiders pluck the web is unknown.
Pirate spiders are experts in mimicking their prey.
Pirate spiders tend to live far away from others’ webs.
Pirate spiders steal prey from others’ webs.
代號：30640
頁次：6
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6
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題：
There is no doubt that the financial services industry is changing. It always does. The changes, regardless of
shifts in technology, regulation, or global events, can be dizzying. From the largest multinational firms to the
smallest community institutions, it is time to revisit future plans – because what has led to success until now may
not work as well in the future.
At most financial institutions, a digital future prompts both hope and concern. After all, legacy systems,
processes, and relationships make innovation extremely difficult. Many firms still struggle with making a digital
transformation, even as future growth may depend on it. Using data and analytics, firms may predict client needs
and find new paths to profit. With artificial intelligence and digital labor, they can unlock powerful insights and
move staff to higher-value work.
When facing change, flexibility and creativity matter. All firms have to manage expenses, but the easy cuts
for cost containment have usually been made first. Meanwhile, there are rapidly changing global trends and the
effects of tightening monetary policy. For some firms, it is time to shake up business models, acquire technology,
and more. And effective people strategy can help them benefit from diversity, sustain trust, and prepare their
workforce for the future.
Cybersecurity continues to threaten profit, data privacy, and reputation, and regulators have been paying
attention. In other ways, government policy is leaning in a more favorable direction, with a new set of referees in
place at key agencies as regulatory easing kicks in. This means firms have room to think about how to make
compliance investments more efficient. And as the government has worked on reforming the tax code, many
firms have been ramping up tax planning to adapt to what may be a very different set of rules.
Leading financial firms are starting to reap the rewards of investments in emerging technology. They are also
taking steps to get ahead of regulatory changes and adapting their long-term strategies to reflect global and
societal shifts. For those who are prepared, this may be a time to pull ahead of the pack.
36 What is the passage mainly about?
Shifts in technology and their impacts on the financial services industry.
Preparing for changes and possibilities in the financial services industry.
Developing long-term adaptive strategies for the financial services industry.
Challenges and problems faced by the financial services industry in the future.
37 According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
Some firms are taking measures to adapt to global and societal shifts.
The government is seeking advice to reform its human capital policy.
Financial institutions should try to minimize their use of digital labor.
Advanced digital technology has ensured cybersecurity and data privacy.
38 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
Potential of artificial intelligence and digital labor.
Concerns about government policies and regulations.
Growth in the global population and human capital.
Needs for flexibility and creativity for opportunities.
39 Which of the following words is closest in meaning to “containment” in the third paragraph?
approval estimation restriction supplement
40 Which of the following best describes the tone of this passage?
encouraging indifferent sympathetic worrisome
類科名稱：
107年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及
原住民族考試
科目名稱：英文(含國際貿易政策與法規命令之摘譯與論述)（試題代號：4306)
測驗式試題標準答案
考試名稱：
國際經濟商務人員國際經貿法律組
單選題數：40題 單選每題配分：1.50分
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