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104 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政
人員、民航人員、原住民族及稅務人員考試試題
考試別：
民航人員特考
等 別：三等考試
類科組：
各科別
科 目：英文
考試時間： 2小時 座號：
※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。
代號：30140
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頁次：8
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甲、申論題部分：（50 分）
不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。
請以黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。
一、英譯中：（15 分）
Innovation is at a premium in organizations as the source of new products, new
markets and (increasingly) new business processes. The organizational capacity for
innovation and creativity has taken on a renewed significance, with the shift from an
economy based on material products and transactions toward a “creative economy”
in which ideas and knowledge are the new capital.
二、中譯英：（15 分）
由於大型航空公司不願意服務，為了填補某些較小城市商務需求，以高雄
為基地的廉價航空 StarJet，計畫 9月21 日增加高雄花蓮航線。該公司於本年
4月份啟動，使用七人座飛機，現已服務高雄、臺東、金門及澎湖等地，加上
即將加入的花蓮。其管理階層所針對的城市，每天大約有四位商務客人固定往
返，此航線卻被其他航空公司捨棄。
三、短篇寫作：請閱讀指示，並依指示寫作。（20 分）
In one of her essays entitled “Gender in the Classroom,” Deborah Tannen, a
linguist at Georgetown University, argues that boys and girls respond differently to
their studies and their classroom interactions vary with different verbal tactics. Do
you agree with her or not? To put her argument in a social context, do you think that
men and women would respond differently toward critical situations or act
differently in decision-making? Write a 300-word essay to state your opinion about
this gender issue and be sure to use examples to illustrate your argument.
乙、測驗題部分：（50 分） 代號：4301
本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。
共40 題，每題1.25 分，須用2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。
1 Using crowdfunding to raise money for science projects neglected by conventional grant-giving agencies is
all the .
cage gauge rage sage
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2 Mr. Hamilton usually isn’t one to show much emotion. His normal smile barely curves the corners of his
mouth, and his cool is marked by a voice with a steady, confident tone.
demeanor aurora avarice deposition
3 Retaining the status of nationality, even at the cost of economical independence, is of critical importance to
the Ojibwe tribe. It’s a : sovereignty produced by colonization.
paradox paradigm parable paradise
4 Before going out of business, the store prices for a clearance sale. And, all the merchandise was
sold out in a week.
hoarded bloated slashed thrilled
5 A wrong decision could seriously the prospect for the business. We must think it over carefully
before making the decision.
jeopardize reimburse languish hallucinate
6 People with professional journalism training can help news and information by keeping blogs.
devastate decimate disseminate dedicate
7 With rapid urbanization everywhere, the national park has been able to visitors for centuries.
beckon peddle orbit muse
8 Some helicopter parents become so engrossed in their kids’ homework that their kids feel either annoyed or
intimidated.
Some parents become so disgusted with their kids’ performance.
Some kids’ talents blossom due to their strict upbringing.
Some parents fly their kids on helicopters wherever they go.
Some parents’ involvment in their kids’ schoolwork does more harm than help.
請依下文回答第 9題至第 11 題
Karaoke is a very popular form of entertainment in Asia. The first karaoke machine was invented by Daisuke
Inoue in Kobe, Japan, in 1971. By the 1980s, there was a vast array of karaoke products on the market in Asia.
The video game Karaoke Revolution 9 in 2003. In this game, players receive a score based on their s inging
performance. Karaoke services then 10 through mobile phones, and users could also play karaoke songs
using software on their personal computers. Websites started popping up all over the Internet, creating a global
karaoke community. On these sites, singers can record and even video themselves 11 . Even some car
manufacturers jumped on the karaoke bandwagon and had karaoke players installed as part of a car’s DVD
player. There are even VCDs available now for Cantonese opera karaoke, so that the elderly can have fun singing
songs of the past.
9 has been inventing has released invented was released
10 were invisible were off the market became available downloaded possibly
11 performing well-performed
having been performed being performing
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請依下文回答第 12 題至第 14 題
We live in an era when environmental issues are of great concern. The burning of fossil fuels extracted from
the earth has resulted in huge amounts of carbon being released into the atmosphere. At the same time, forests are
being 12 by fires.
In addition, our waterways are constantly being polluted by chemical 13 from industry and household
detergents.
The future safety of our water supply is uncertain and many countries may soon be faced with a (an) 1 4 of
clean water.
12 written ravaged washed radiated
13 recreations reflections referees residues
14 scarcity abridgment infrequency variety
請依下文回答第 15 題至第 16 題
India’s caste system is poorly understood outside the country. Even within India, there is no precise
definition of what caste means. In general terms, the caste system refers to a process of classifying people
according to their occupations. The system has its roots in Hinduism (India’s main religion) and an old division of
labor and it continues to 15 the kinds of jobs that people can do as well as the kinds of social interactions
they can enjoy. Although it is illegal to discriminate against people based on caste, in practice, the caste divisions
continue to affect everyday life in India.
There is a hierarchical order to the system, which recognizes four main castes. Originally these were based
on a person’s profession, such as priest, prince/warrior, businessman, laborer, etc. However, they eventually
became 16 , meaning one was born into a certain, unalterable caste. Many human rights organizations in
India and elsewhere see the caste system as an inherently prejudicial relic of a bygone era that has no place in a
free modern society.
15 describe dictate postpone compel
16 foreign eccentric hereditary transformed
第17 題至第 20 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重複
Concern about climate change has spurred a large body of scholarship examining how climate influences
human behavior, particularly human conflict. While a link between climate and human conflict is well
established, 17 So firmly did it take root that it prevailed in Asia 18 They then go beyond previous
studies, 19 and examine to what extent 20
Overall, the results provide evidence for income as a mechanism behind the observed rainfall-crime
relationship, which had mostly been assumed in previous scholarship.
17 with the strongest effects on violent crimes (including murder) and property crimes.
which simply document the link between weather variations and human conflict.
we still do not fully understand the mechanisms that underlie the observed relationship between rainfall
and crime.
poverty is the main causal pathway between rainfall and crime.
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18 with the strongest effects on violent crimes (including murder) and property crimes.
which simply document the link between weather variations and human conflict.
we still do not fully understand the mechanisms that underlie the observed relationship between rainfall
and crime.
poverty is the main causal pathway between rainfall and crime.
19 with the strongest effects on violent crimes (including murder) and property crimes.
which simply document the link between weather variations and human conflict.
we still do not fully understand the mechanisms that underlie the observed relationship between rainfall
and crime.
poverty is the main causal pathway between rainfall and crime.
20 with the strongest effects on violent crimes (including murder) and property crimes.
which simply document the link between weather variations and human conflict.
we still do not fully understand the mechanisms that underlie the observed relationship between rainfall
and crime.
poverty is the main causal pathway between rainfall and crime.
請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題
That an image can last and become reality is an example of something that advertisers count on as they
produce the ads we see in print, on TV, on buses, and most recently on the Web. Because so much information
competes for our attention wherever we turn, it is very often images, rather than written texts, that must carry
most of the message. 21 For centuries the images people created, such as paintings, and icons, did not
simply decorate the insides of caves, temples, churches, 22 What is new in our experience of the image is
not only the vast numbers and many kinds of images available or the ease with which they may be and are
reproduced, copied, and reconstructed. What is new in our experience is something we might call the aggressive
nature of the image. 23 Thus most of us are so accustomed to this world of images that we read most of
what we see without much thought. 24 They are counting on the public being able to read very quickly a
few generalized images as they speed down the highway, surf through TV channels, or flip through a magazine.
We know some images simply because they have been around for so long. A full-color photo of a cowboy on a
horse at sunset is likely going to call to mind the Marboro Man, whether or not it is in an ad for cigarettes. 25
21 The image that conveys a message is hardly a new phenomenon.
Images in ads are a recent phenomenon, after computer graphics became widely available.
We often ignore the fact that it is very expensive to create ads with images.
Written texts have to exist because they can avoid misunderstanding.
22 did not forget family and community history recoding, religion teaching, and direction giving, which
were also important.
in addition to recording family and community history, teaching religious lessons, and giving directions.
but also recorded family and community history, taught lessons in religion, and even gave directions to
locations.
as well as recording family and community history, teaching religious lessons, and giving directions.
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23 Since for most people it is difficult to see images as information and some ads are just too appealing,
there has to be restrictions to make ads work.
Scientists insist that aggressive ads are too violent and must not be shown to children before they at least
enter elementary school.
Unless we purposefully isolate ourselves from the industrial world, we have difficulty avoiding these
images that daily insist upon our attention.
In some rural areas or small towns, people are not influenced as much as those in big cities; thus, ads
must be more aggressive to sell.
24 Advertisers, of course, depend on the fact that we all already know a great deal about the messages that
images convey.
Familiar images do not sell well, so advertisers would try everything they could to be creative and bring
new images to the world.
We do know some of the images that advertisers put out, but if the images are too familiar, they could
easily become cliché.
There are differences in the kinds of ads received well in different countries, and advertisers have to be
very careful about those differences.
25 Because such scenes are so easily recognized, advertisers are sometimes able to use just a few words to
get the message across.
The Marboro Man as an image for cigarettes has been around since the early 1950s, but only northern
American viewers have good feelings toward it.
In summary, images that depict good time in life, such as birthdays, weddings, and beautiful people, are
used more often than others.
In conclusion, educated viewers will remember cigarettes are bad for health no matter how attractive the
image is.
第26 題至第 28 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重複
Marvin Bower, author of The Will to Manage, described the informal cultural elements of a business as “the
way we do things round here.” 26 Sometimes it is fragmented and difficult to read from the outside—some
people are loyal to their bosses, others are loyal to the union, still others care only about their colleagues who
work in the sales territories of the Northeast. If you ask employees why they work, they will answer “because we
need the money.” 27 Everyone knows the goals of the corporation, and they are working for them. 28 It
affects practically everything—from who gets promoted and what decisions are made, to how employees dress
and what sports they play. Because of this impact, we think that culture also has a major effect on the success of a
business.
26 Corporate culture provides a clear system for all employees.
Every business—in fact every organization—has a culture.
Whether weak or strong, culture has a powerful influence throughout an organization.
On the other hand, sometimes the culture of an organization is very strong and cohesive.
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27 Every business—in fact every organization—has a culture.
Corporate culture provides a clear system for all employees.
Whether weak or strong, culture has a powerful influence throughout an organization.
On the other hand, sometimes the culture of an organization is very strong and cohesive.
28 Corporate culture provides a clear system for all employees.
Every business—in fact every organization—has a culture.
On the other hand, sometimes the culture of an organization is very strong and cohesive.
Whether weak or strong, culture has a powerful influence throughout an organization.
請依下文回答第 29 題至第 32 題
Kill the mosquito and you kill the disease. That is the usual approach to controlling malaria. And if done
properly, it works. The problem is that the insecticides employed to do the killing destroy lots of other things as
well. An old dream of those who seek to eliminate malaria is thus a way of selectively killing only what transmits
the parasite: mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, most notably Anopheles gambiae. And that, more or less, is what
is proposed by Nikolai Windbichler and Andrea Crisanti of Imperial College, London, in a paper in Nature
Communications. They think they have worked out how to stop A. gambiae females being created in the first
place. That would break the chain of transmission in two ways: immediately, because it is only females that drink
blood and so pass the parasite on; and in the longer term because without females a population cannot reproduce.
The researchers’ trick is to engineer into the mosquitoes a gene for a protein called a homing endonuclease.
These genes are peculiar, and are probably a ty pe of genetic parasi te. They cut particular sequences of DNA in a
way that damages the chromosome such DNA is found in. In extreme cases, that destroys the chromosome. (In
less extreme cases, the process of repair often copies the endonuclease gene into the repair site; hence the name
“homing,” and also the suspicion of parasitism.)
Dr. Windbichler and Dr. Crisanti have found a homing endonuclease in a species of slime mould that, by a
strange coincidence, cuts a sequence of DNA found repeatedly in the X chromosome of Anopheles gambiae,
destroying the chromosome co mpletely.
29 How did Dr. Windbichler and Dr. Crisanti stop A. gambiae females being created (reproduced)?
They used insecticides.
They eliminated malaria.
They made A. gambiae males incapable of reproduction.
They inserted a gene to destroy the X chromosome of A. gambiae.
30 According to the article, which of the following statements is true?
The gene Dr. Windbichler and Dr. Crisanti engineered into the mosquitoes is a homing endonuclease.
The gene Dr. Windbichler and Dr. Crisanti used to do the trick came from the mosquitoes themselves.
In order to control malaria, you always need to rely on insecticides.
All mosquitoes suck blood.
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31 What was the function of the genes Dr. Windbichler and Dr. Crisanti engineered into A. gambiae mosquitoes?
They copied the chromosome of their host.
They repaired the chain of transmission of malaria.
They damaged the DNA sequences of the particular chromosome.
They helped reproduce the X chromosome of A. gambiae.
32 Which of the following statements can be inferred?
Only male mosquitoes pose health hazards to humans.
Dr. Nikolai Windbichler and Dr. Andrea Crisanti’s experiment holds promise.
The researchers discovered the X chromosome of the male mosquitoes.
The size of the mosquito population will remain the same.
請依下文回答第 33 題至第 36 題
Nobody knows what the global temperature is likely to be in the future, for the climate is a system of almost
infinite complexity. Predicting how much hotter a particular level of carbon dioxide will make the world is
impossible. It’s not just that the precise effect of greenhouse gases on temperature is unclear. It may set off
mechanisms that tend to cool things down (clouds which block out sunlight, for instance) or ones that heat the
world further (by melting soils in which greenhouse gases are frozen, for instance). The system could right itself
or spin out of human control.
This uncertainty is central to the difficulty of tackling the problem. Since the costs of climate change are
unknown, the benefits of trying to do anything to prevent it are, by definition, unclear. What’s more, if they
accrue at all, they will do so at some point in the future. So is it really worth using public resources now to avert
an uncertain, distant risk, especially when the cash could be spent instead on goods and services that would have a
measurable near-term benefit?
If the risk is big enough, yes. Governments do it all the time. They spend a small slice of tax revenue on
keeping standing armies not because they think their countries are in imminent danger of invasion but because, if
it happened, the consequences would be catastrophic. Individuals do so, too. They spend a little of their incomes
on household insurance not because they think their homes are likely to be torched next week but because, if it
happened, the results would be disastrous. Similarly, a growing body of scientific evidence suggests that the risk
of a climatic catastrophe is high enough for the world to spend a small proportion of its income trying to prevent
one from happening.
33 What is the main idea of this passage?
As technologies advance dramatically, predictions about climate change have become less challenging.
There is an imminent global impact regarding climate change.
The uncertainty surrounding climate change argues for action, not inaction.
There is growing scientific evidence for climate change.
34 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about global warming?
It would lead to a shrink in world population.
It may trigger a mechanism that would lower the temperature.
It could sharply increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
A massive movement of population would be inevitable.
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35 According to the passage, why is it worth spending public resources on climate control?
To lower the global temperature To prevent flooding disasters
To prevent uncertain, distant risks To improve the climate for humans
36 According to the passage, what does the underlined word they refer to?
benefits costs greenhouse gases public resources
請依下文回答第 37 題至第 40 題
Tens of millions of people from all walks of life suffer from epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder that
disrupts the normal pattern of neutral activity and results in seizures. The word epilepsy comes from the Greek
word epi, meaning “upon,” and lepsis, meaning “seizure.” Together those words imply that a person affected by
this condition is seized by some unseen force.
Though epilepsy is a serious disease, many important historical figures, such as Julius Caesar and Napol eon
Bonaparte, are believed to have had it. The fact that other notable epileptics such as Jonathan Swift, Vincent van
Gogh, and Fyodor Dostoevsky also managed to be accomplished shows that the disease is not nearly as limiting
as people once thought. Dostoevsky even described epilepsy as mystic and sublime ecstasy.
Epilepsy is actually one of the world’s oldest identified medical disorders and it was long marked by
misunderstanding. In Taiwan, epilepsy used to be grounds for annulling a marriage, and in the U.S. those who
suffered from it were not allowed to enter public places until 1970. But today we know much more about the
condition. It is often related to brain damage or trauma during birth, and it could even be inherited. We also know
that seizures, which can cause unconsciousness, are the result of a sudden electrical discharge in a group of brain
cells.
Luckily, anywhere from 70 to 80 percent of epileptics can be successfully treated through modern medicine
or surgery. Though it affects 50 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization, and two
hundred thousand people in Taiwan, it is a highly treatable condition that should be met with understanding.
37 What does the original meaning of “epilepsy” suggest?
The disease is often unseen by doctors.
It affects only a few people.
People with it are controlled by something unknown.
The disease sedates its sufferers.
38 Which of the following about epilepsy is NOT true?
It changes the way the brain usually works.
Julius Caesar and Napoleon might have had it.
Dostoevsky described the disease in a positive manner.
Swift and Van Gough did not accomplish much because of it.
39 What does the passage suggest?
It is certain that epilepsy will not be cured by doctors in the near future.
With proper treatment, people with the disease can live normal lives.
Important historical figures benefited from epilepsy.
The disorder affects two hundred thousand worldwide.
40 What is the best title for this passage?
What Is Epilepsy? The Horror of Epilepsy
How to Cure Epilepsy The Origin of Epilepsy
類科名稱：
104年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、民航人員、原住民族及稅務人員
考試
科目名稱：英文（試題代號：4301)
測驗式試題標準答案
考試名稱：
飛航管制、航務管理、航空通信
單選題數：40題 單選每題配分：1.25分
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