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111
年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、
國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題
考試別
：
民航人員考試
等 別
：
三等考試
類科組別
：
各科別
科 目
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英文
考試時間
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2小時 座號：
※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。
代號：
40140
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40440
40550
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40650
頁次：
6
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1
甲、申論題部分：（50 分）
不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。
請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。
一、英譯中（15 分）
Nations have delayed curbing their fossil-fuel emissions for so long that
they can no longer stop global warming from intensifying over the next 30
years, though there is still a short window to prevent the most harrowing
future, a major new United Nations scientific report has concluded.
二、中譯英（15 分）
歐洲正受破紀錄熱浪的侵襲。氣候變化使熱浪變得更熱、更頻繁。只
有人類停止在大氣中增加溫室氣體，溫度才會停止上升，否則熱浪勢
必將惡化。若無法抑止氣候變化，極端高溫將會升高到更危險的地步。
三、英文作文（20 分）
Workplace procrastination is a phenomenon where people unnecessarily
postpone dealing with work-related tasks, which can lead to serious issues
both for the people who procrastinate, as well as for their employers. Write
a 250-word essay on how to stop procrastinating at work.
乙、測驗題部分：（50 分） 代號：4401 5405
本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。
共40題，每題1.25分，須用2B鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。
1 Mourning for a deceased family member is totally understandable, but if you find yourself on
the past too long and too much, you had better seek professional help.
daunting dwelling drafting diving
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2 He needs to submit all his college to be reviewed by the authorities to decide whether he
could be admitted to the graduate program.
scripts transcripts scriptures prescriptions
3 A was brought in to fix the damage of the external walls of the school building caused by the
salt air.
conductor compiler contractor composer
4 During the pandemic, many museums have made online exhibitions to viewers around the
world.
accessible accountable adjustable applicable
5 There are fears that this random shooting incident may become a for more violence in the
capital.
boundary commitment lubricant trigger
6 There has been a significant worldwide in the delivery and effectiveness of education, so it
is necessary to improve the outcomes and environment for education, especially about its equality.
display disparity distinction discipline
7 Asecurity firm tracking data estimated that there were nearly 65,000 successful ransomware
attacks in 2020.
branches breakers breaches braises
8 Thousands of visitors make their trips to the top of Mt. Fuji every year as if it were an volcano
that no longer erupts.
extinct instinct intrinsic explicit
9 Whoever persistently disregards this policy will be penalized with associated with policy
abuse.
instructions implications provisions sanctions
10 Leaders, at the very minimum, require setting a direction and influencing their in the
company to move toward that direction.
subscribers substitutes substances subordinates
11 After the food poisoning event, the restaurant owner decided to improve their standards.
anxiety dilemma hygiene consent
12 In later years of one’s life, coping with physical abilities and facing the inevitability of death
may lead to painful adjustments.
acquiring declining neglecting purveying
13 While an unjustified war on a peaceful neighboring country, the dictator is also tightening
his control over the protestors back at home.
raging waging racing withholding
14 A suspect of this murder has been by the police for questioning.
detained defected detached delimited
15 Ex-communist governments that once the costs of basic necessities such as food and
electricity are now letting competition and other external factors determine their prices.
borrowed deprived promoted subsidized
代號：
40140
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頁次：
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3
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題
Crimes against humanity appeared for the first time in a treaty in the 1945 Nuremberg Charter at the
end of the Second World War, albeit with a different definition than today. Since the 1990s, crimes against
humanity have been codified in different international treaties such as the Statute of the International
Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (1993), the Statute of the International Tribunal for Rwanda
(1994) and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998). The Rome Statute provides the
most recent and most expansive list of specific criminal acts that may constitute crimes against humanity.
Unlike other human rights violations, war crimes do not engage state responsibility but individual
criminal responsibility. This means that individuals can be tried and found personally responsible for such
crimes as murder, extermination, enslavement/deportation or forcible transfer of population,
imprisonment, torture, sexual violence, execution against an identifiable group, enforced disappearance
of persons, the crime of apartheid, and other inhumane acts of a similar character intentionally causing
great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health. Governments around the world
often deny that crimes against humanity have occurred on their territory, thus ignoring the suffering of
their people. Thousands of desperate victims are still struggling to get long-waited justice, reparation and
recognition.
TRIAL International, a non-governmental organization, helps victims to get their voice heard by
bringing their cases before domestic courts, as well as before regional and international human rights
mechanism like the United Nations Human Rights Committee and the European Court of Human Rights.
The organization provides free legal support to victims, from the preparation and submission of their case,
to the proceedings and the implementation of the decisions on the ground. TRIAL International fights
impunity by filing criminal and compensation claims against perpetrators of crimes against humanity.
These complaints are brought before international bodies, and before national courts thanks to the principle
of universal jurisdiction. TRIAL also pushes national justice systems to investigate situations and
prosecute the perpetrators of mass atrocities.
16 Which of the following statements is true about TRIAL International?
It is a government supported organization to fight against crimes of a large-scale attack targeting
civilians.
It helps victims of family violence to bring their cases to international courts for justice and
reparation.
It often denies that crimes against humanity have occurred, thus subjecting people to legal
violations.
It fights crimes against humanity by providing free legal support of filing cases for the victims.
17 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
Crimes against humanity appeared for the first time after the end of World War II.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court provides the most extensive list of crimes
against humanity.
No individuals but the states can be tried and found responsible for engaging wars in other
countries.
Claims against perpetrators of crimes against humanity were brought to courts due to the principle
of national jurisdiction.
代號：
40140
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頁次：
6
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18 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true concerning the crimes against
humanity?
They have always been codified in different international treaties after the Second World War.
They engage both state responsibility and individual criminal responsibility and reparations.
Victims of such crimes usually get justice, reparation and recognition quite successfully due to the
effort of TRIAL.
The perpetrators of such crimes are expected to be persecuted before regional and international
human rights mechanisms.
19 What is the meaning of the word “impunity” in the last paragraph?
Exemption. Constitution. Mechanism. Reparation.
20 Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?
Crimes against humanity are rampant and ubiquitous.
TRIAL International is a non-profitable organization fighting against governments of all sorts.
TRIAL International helps victims of crimes against humanity to find justice.
Perpetrators of crimes against humanity are coerced into violating human rights.
請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題
Recently economists looked at the relationship between pupils’ month of birth and their school
performance. It was found that among fourth graders, the oldest children scored on math and reading
somewhere between four and twelve percentile points better than the youngest children. That can be
explained as a “huge effect.” It means that if you take two intellectually 21 fourth graders with birthdays
at opposite ends of the cutoff date, the older student could score in the eightieth percentile, 22 the
younger one could score in the sixty-eighth percentile. That’s the difference between 23 for a gifted
program or not. The economists said, “We do ability grouping early on in childhood. We have advanced
reading groups and advanced math groups. So, early on, if we look at young kids, in kindergarten and first
grade, the teachers are 24 maturity with ability. And they put the old kids in the advanced stream,
where they learn better skills; and the next year, because they are in the higher groups, they do even better;
and in the next year, the same thing happens, and they do even better again. The only country we don’t
see this going on is Denmark.” Denmark waits to make selection decisions until maturity differences by
age have 25 . This is because they have a national policy where they have no ability grouping until
the age of ten.
21 different equivalent redundant efficient
22 while because if whether
23 calling caring qualifying training
24 reducing distancing developing confusing
25 piled up turned off evened out fallen apart
代號：
40140
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40550
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40650
頁次：
6
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請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題
Copyright law affects one’s right and ability to use another’s work. Its purpose is to 26 the
creation of works by giving authors’ exclusive property rights. Copyright is one of several categories of
intellectual property protection, designed to 27 the creator’s, owner’s, or holder’s right to claim an
original work as their own. As soon as a work is written on paper, recorded digitally, or typed
electronically—or anything that can be heard, seen, read, or touched—the work is 28 copyright
protection, normallyfor a limited period of time. However, despite copyright law, which 29 individuals
from copying, publishing, transmitting, exhibiting, distributing, modifying, displaying, or using (whether
for profit or not) the original creative expressions of others, copyright 30 —intentional and
inadvertent—still can and does occur. Overall, we should respect the originality of an individual’s work.
26 dampen police promote degrade
27 alleviate interfere convince safeguard
28 delved enacted fetched granted
29 confronts breaches prohibits renovates
30 enhancement deployment infringement complement
請依下文回答第 31 題至第 35 題
The process for awarding host city honors came under intense scrutiny after Salt Lake City had been
awarded the right to host the 2002 Olympic Games. Soon after the host city had been announced, it was
discovered that the organizers had engaged in an elaborate bribery scheme to 31 with IOC
(International Olympic Committee) officials. Gifts and other financial considerations were given to those
who would evaluate and vote on Salt Lake City’s bid. These gifts included medical treatment for relatives,
a college scholarship for one member’s son and a land deal in Utah. Even IOC president Juan Antonio
Samaranch received two rifles 32 $2,000. Samaranch defended the gift as inconsequential since, as
president, he was a non-voting member.
The subsequent investigation has uncovered inconsistencies in the bids for every Olympics (both
Summer and Winter) since 1988. 33 , the gifts received by IOC members from the Japanese
Organizing Committee for Nagano’s bid for the 1998 Winter Olympics were described by the investigation
committee as “astronomical.” Although nothing strictly illegal had been done, the IOC feared that
corporate sponsors would lose faith in the integrity of the process and that the Olympic brand would be
tarnished to such an extent 34 advertisers would begin to pull their support.
The investigation resulted in the expulsion of 10 IOC members and the sanctioning of another 10.
New terms and age limits were established for IOC membership, and 15 former Olympic athletes were
added to the committee. Stricter rules for future bids were imposed, with 35 imposed on the value
of gifts IOC members could accept from bid cities.
31 curry fame cull fame curry favor cull favor
32 valuing at valued at valuing for valued for
33 All considered To be certain For all that For example
34 as so that until
35 centurion certainty chagrin ceilings
代號：
40140
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40440
40550
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40650
頁次：
6
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6
請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題
Some economists have pointed out that in a knowledge-based economy, the most valuable
commodity is not information, but attention. Michael Goldhaber (1997) proposed that we are not so much
living in an information economy, as in an attention economy, where value is created from the exchange
of attention and “[w]hat matters is seeking, obtaining and paying attention.” Digital media and the internet
facilitate participation in this economy, by creating new channels for distributing attention. In order to get
attention, you have to give attention; otherwise, your audience will lose interest and take their attention
elsewhere. This is an important point for advertisers, especially those launching social media campaigns.
The emphasis is on developing new kinds of relationships with customers, and in many cases, moving
towards engaging customers in the design of products for themselves.
Goldhaber notes that some people (he calls them “stars”) are better at attracting attention than others
(he calls them “fans”). Stars are able to command more attention partly because they pay illusory attention
to fans; that is, they give the illusion of personal attention even though they are addressing a large audience.
Goldhaber illustrates this concept with the example of a presenter at a conference, who, while talking to a
large crowd, makes eye contact with individuals in that crowd. In digital media, social media tools like
Twitter and Facebook provide opportunities to pay illusory attention.
If you accept the idea of an attention economy with attention as the valued commodity, then you have
to adjust your ways of thinking about certain concepts. For example, our traditional way of thinking of
privacy as freedom from the public gaze is not especially appropriate for people participating in an
attention economy. People have to be “out there” in order to attract attention. In addition, intellectual
property laws that forbid people from copying and distributing a creator’s work also seem out of place.
This kind of copying and distributing draws attention to the creator, thus increasing their “wealth” in the
attention economy. In other words, wealth comes not from the exchange of “intellectual property,” but
from the exchange of attention.
36 Which of the following statements is true about information economy?
Attention economy is more relevant than information economy now.
Living in attention economy is as good as in information economy.
Information economy and attention economy are basically the same.
Information economy pays better attention to economy than before.
37 Which of the following is mentioned as a traditional practice that needs to be questioned in the
attention economy?
Handwriting letters with respect. Guarding one’s privacy.
Advertising openly. Multitasking at work.
38 Which of the following is recommended as a new campaign for social media to develop relationships
with customers?
To make friends with customers by exchanging expensive gifts.
To encourage customers to sign up for membership discounts.
To allow customers to participate in designing their products.
To supply whatever customers need as quickly as possible.
39 Which of the following can be considered a good example of paying illusory attention?
Fans try to get attention from the stars by flashing their phones.
Fans realize that the stars’attention is on those who bring gifts.
Stars avoid the audience by leaving from the back of the stage.
Stars make eye contacts with individuals in the audience.
40 Which of the following can be the main idea of the passage?
Attention has been considered the most valuable commodity in an economy based on knowledge.
The fans will no longer take a strong interest in their stars if they do not get enough attention.
A knowledge-based economy accumulates wealth on the exchange of information.
Intellectual property laws have forbidden people from copying and distributing a creator’s work.
類科名稱：
111年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及
原住民族考試
科目名稱：英文（試題代號：4401)
測驗式試題標準答案
考試名稱：
飛航管制、航務管理、飛航諮詢、航空通信
單選題數：40題 單選每題配分：1.25分
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