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112年公務人員高等考試三級考試試題
類 科
：
新聞
（
選試英文
）
科 目
：
新聞英文
考試時間
：
2
小
時
座號
：
※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。
不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。
代號：
31970
頁次：
2
－
1
一、For each of the following, briefly describe in English what you know about the
person, concept, country, or device. （每小題5分，共30分）
Elon Musk
Papua New Guinea
3D printing
Volodymyr Zelenskyy
ozone layer
hurricane
二、中譯英：（35分）
根據聯合國數據，印度剛剛超越了中國，成為世界上人口最多的國家。
許多人在問的一個問題就是：印度是否有可能超越中國，進而成為世界超
級大國呢？在經濟規模、地緣政治影響力與軍力三個方面，中國仍然採領
先地位，但專家們認為，這一格局正在改變。2001年諾貝爾經濟學獎得主
認為，印度的時代已然來臨。他告訴BBC：「印度終將能與中國匹配。中
國經濟會放慢，但印度不會。」但儘管有著很大的潛力，印度也面臨了許
多挑戰。中國是世界第二大經濟體，而印度僅排名第五。印度中產階層規
模相對較小，需要下重本投資教育、提升生活水凖、實現性別均等和經濟
改革，方有可能實現「中國式」的爆發增長。要當世界超級大國，光靠人
口和經濟還不夠格，還要看地緣政治與軍事力量，印度在這些方面還望塵
莫及。
代號：
31970
頁次：
2
－
2
三、英譯中：（35分）
Capital punishment (death penalty) is the premeditated and planned taking
of a human life by a government in response to a crime committed by that
legally convicted person. In the past, capital punishment has been practiced by
most societies, although currently only 58 nations actively practice it, with 96
countries having abolished it. Although many nations have abolished capital
punishment, over 60% of the world’s population lives in countries where
executions take place. This is because the People’s Republic of China, India,
the United States of America, and Indonesia, which are the four most populous
countries in the world, continue to apply the death penalty.
Many believe that the death penalty should be abolished for several
reasons. Firstly, the death penalty is very expensive to maintain. Most people
do not realize that carrying out one death sentence costs 2-5 times more than
keeping that same criminal in prison for the rest of his or her life. This expense
comes as a result of the seemingly endless appeals, additional required
procedures, and legal wrangling involved in the judicial process. Secondly, the
death penalty clogs up the court system. The U.S. court system goes to
enormous lengths before allowing a death sentence to be carried out. All the
necessary appeals, motions, hearings, and briefs monopolize much of the time
of judges, attorneys, and other court employees as well as use up courtrooms
and facilities. Third, the death penalty is an ineffective deterrent to violent
crime. Life in prison is a far more effective deterrent than the death penalty,
which, in some cases, actually represents an act of clemency for the criminal.
With a death sentence, the suffering is over in an instant. With life in prison,
however, the pain goes on for decades. Prisoners are confined to a cage, living
in an environment of rape and violence where they are treated as animals.