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10 Social media has significantly transformed our communication methods by both virality and
efficiency.
endangering enhancing envisioning evolving
請依下文回答第 11 題至第 15 題
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of 50-mile-thick plates that comprise the earth’s crust. More
than two thousand earthquakes occur daily somewhere on our planet, but about 95 percent of them are too
weak to be felt 11 sensitive seismometers. 12 are felt by humans, most cause relatively little
damage, particularly if they occur in sparely 13 areas.
Scientists have observed that certain phenomena seem to occur before an earthquake as the pressure within
the plates intensifies. Myriads of tiny cracks appear in the rock, causing it to expand and uplift the ground above
it. The pressure squeezes water out of the rock, thereby 14 nearby water levels. Also the rock becomes
more resistant to electric current, and radon gas is released. Scientists hope that these 15 phenomena will
provide keys to predict when and where an earthquake will occur, thereby enabling them to warn people to
evacuate the area. While the earthquake itself cannot be prevented, at least lives may be saved.
11 accepting by except by additional to in addition
12 Of those Among them that Of those that Of them
13 inhabiting inhabit inhabitant inhabited
14 rises raising raises arising
15 interrelated interrelate opposite oppositional
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題
There are basically two types of stress placed on human beings. One type involves physical activity and
its demands; the other type is the result of mental and emotional demands. Whether physical or emotional in
origin, stress causes the body to react in similar ways. In the first stage, your body prepares to meet the stress.
The heartbeat and respiration rates increase, and the pupils of the eyes dilate; the blood sugar level increases,
and the perspiration rate speeds up, while digestion slows down as blood and muscular activity is diverted
elsewhere. In the second stage, your body returns to normal and repairs any damage caused by the stressful
situation. However, if stress continues, the body cannot repair itself, and the final stage, exhaustion, then
begins. If this stage continues, physical and emotional damage will occur. These stages of stress reaction are
generally the same, whether the stress is caused by a cross-country run, a first date, buying a house, or narrowly
missing an automobile accident.
Stress from physical activity, if not carried too far, is actually beneficial. Probably most harmful of all
stresses is guilt. This common emotion is useful to have when it helps us realize that we have, in fact,
committed some error, violated our own rules or social norms. If we did not feel guilt, we would never do
anything except the things that brought us immediate pleasure—we’d never obey the law, work, or even study
in school, unless we wanted to do so in the first place. As a person’s conscience develops, guilt feelings become
inevitable; guilt is the sorrow we experience when we know we have done something incorrect.