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年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、
國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題
考 試 別：外交人員考試
等 別：三等考試
類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組一
科 目：外國文（含新聞書信撰寫與編譯）（英文）
考試時間： 2小時 座號：
※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。
代號：
10150
頁次：
3
－
1
甲、申論題部分：（75 分）
不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。
請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。
一、英譯中：（15 分）
The first element which differentiates human from animal existence is a
negative one: the relative absence in man of instinctive regulation in the
process of adaptation to the surrounding world. The mode of adaptation of the
animal to its world remains the same throughout. If its instinctive equipment
is no longer fit to cope successfully with a changing environment, the species
will become extinct. The animal can adapt itself to changing conditions by
changing itself. In this fashion, it lives harmoniously, not in the sense of
absence of struggle but in the sense that its inherited equipment makes it a
fixed and unchanging part of its world; it either fits in or dies out.
二、中譯英：（15 分）
左右經營決策的準則無法簡化成一個簡單的公式。傳統上，經濟學
家都主張企業的目標是追求最大利潤。可是，這個簡單的主張本身有幾
點疑慮。首先，就運作面而言，「利潤」這個概念本身是不清楚的，今天
的獲利有可能是以刪減維護費用、拖延投資、剝削員工換來的，也就是
以往後數年的獲利為代價。其次，如果管理高層主張獲利至上，可能會
在企業價值方面對員工傳遞出負面訊息。
三、英文寫作：（45 分）總字數限制：350 字以內。
Write an essay of no more than 350 words to comment on the topic below.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Support your position
and discourse with reasoning and/or examples from readings, studies,
experience, or observations.
In a number of countries, some people think it is necessary to spend large
sums of money on constructing new railway lines for very fast trains between
cities. Others believe the money should be spent on improving existing public
transport.
代號：
10150
頁次：
3
－
2
乙、測驗題部分：（25 分） 代號：5101
本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。
共20題，每題1.25分，須用2B鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。
1 After winning the lottery, the life of this poor woman has turned from _____ to riches.
rags rafts rubbles stones
2 At the climate summit, for the first time, the delegates decided to _____ for the damage an overheating
world is inflicting on poor countries.
compensate computerize commemorate complicate
3 The attempt is an implicit _____ to public discontent after mass street protests against the restrictions.
concession sanitization acquaintance embezzlement
4 When border tensions _____, India staged a trade war of sorts against China.
escalated enlisted appealed ushered
5 Surviving cancer was a painful _____ that taught me the true value of life.
ornament ordeal oracle ordain
6 The new CEO implemented several changes that differed significantly from those of her _____.
propeller predecessor navigator novice
7 Even if the cake looked delicious, John did not _____ temptation and ordered something else.
succumb to submit to subject to subsist on
8 When he gave that series of lectures at the university last year, William received a nice _____ for them.
capability sacrifice stipend tariff
9 The intensity of her emotions was _____ and she had to take a moment to compose herself.
mundane uninspiring disappointing overwhelming
10 The attorney general’s office decided to _____ the accused for the embezzlement of company funds.
rotate pardon release prosecute
11 As negotiations between the workers’ union and management _____ over the proposed contract, tension
began to rise and eventually led to a union conflict.
improved stalled progressed handed
12 The thought of her unfaithful husband getting her possessions when she dies _____ her.
facilitates surpasses exceeds agitates
13 My grandmother always _____ the decline in moral standards in today’s society, and seeing all the crimes
in the news, I really cannot blame her for that.
laminates compliments laments compels
14 Carrie is such a serious animal-lover that she refuses to buy or use anything that is made of _____ leather.
fragile genuine modest slippery
15 The company plans to invest in an _____ wind farm to generate clean energy.
inland interior onshore offshore
代號：
10150
頁次：
3
－
3
依據下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題：
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have experienced the obsessive drive to
persistently scroll through their news and social media feeds and pay attention to distressing, negative
information about the new virus. This act is called doomscrolling.
There are several contributing factors that may cause doomscrolling, which include negativity bias,
uncertainty, anxiety and fear of missing out (FOMO). Negativity bias refers to people’s natural inclination to
look for and read sad stories. Uncertainty refers to situations when an individual needs to know about a topic
that is unclear or with multiple conflicting perspectives. Some people use doomscrolling to manage anxiety.
However, the habit can also cause further anxiety. Doomscrolling may also be associated with FOMO, an
anxious feeling you get when you find yourself having missed important information.
The act of endlessly scrolling and seeing distressing information can affect your mental health by
reinforcing negative thoughts and make you feel apprehensive and despondent. If you often find yourself lost
in doomscrolling on social media or other news sites, there are some strategies you can try to stop it. First,
block out time for social media. Blocking out a certain time in the day to check the news may be helpful.
Setting boundaries on news intake, you can stay informed without getting totally overwhelmed. Second, get a
hobby and exercise. People often use social media to alleviate boredom, which may result in doomscrolling. If
you’re feeling bored, try doing leisure activities that you often enjoy. Next, seek more positive stories. Focusing
on negative stories might intensify the sense of danger and catastrophe, so there has to be a balance. You can
visit various websites that are dedicated to reporting positive stories, such as the Good News Network or
Positive News.
Reading the news to stay updated on current events is important, but doomscrolling is different from simply
wanting to stay informed. The important thing is not to stayimmersed in the misery — set limits and take breaks.
16 Which of the following best shows the organization of this passage?
Problem → Strategies → Pros → Cons
Problem → Causes → Impacts → Solutions
Problem → Research → Causes → Effects
Problem → Strategies → Disagreements → Conclusion
17 Why does the author mention COVID-19 in the first paragraph?
People stopped doomscrolling as the pandemic came to an end.
It was during the pandemic that the term “doomscrolling” was coined.
Misinformation about the virus spread quickly through doomscrolling.
People kept doomscrolling for information about this unknown disease.
18 Which of the following is the best example of “blocking out time for social media”?
Reading a positive news story for every negative one.
Limiting news consumption to only 20 minutes in the morning.
Using apps that block your access to certain social media websites.
Doing moderate-intensity physical activity for 150 minutes a week.
19 Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to the word “despondent” in the third paragraph?
Industrious. Knowledgeable. Compassionate. Pessimistic.
20 What can be inferred from this passage?
To stop doomscrolling may take months or even years.
It’s not necessary for everyone to read to stay informed.
It’s natural that humans have the urge to seek bad news.
The impact of doomscrolling is mainly on physical health.