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請依下文回答第42題至第44題:
Between 1700 and 1750, the population of Bath tripled from three to nine thousand and was comprised of diverse types.
Doctors settled in Bath to administer to the patients who came seeking relief from 42 such as gout, fever, palsy,
rashes, and rheumatism. Professional gamblers stopped at Bath on their annual itinerary through London and the
continental spas. The 43 for visitors were September/October and March/April, although the entertainments were
continuous all year. The aristocracy came from London to take the waters and escape the bustle of the big city. Parsons,
country squires, tradesmen, and their wives came to mingle with the nobility. Indeed the seasonal retreat of the middle
class to Bath may mark the first time in English history when the concept of 44 for large numbers of working people
became a reality.
42 various wounds fatal mistakes hopeful cases various afflictions
43 rush hours career periods incubation periods peak seasons
44 summer vacation annual vacation anniversary wedding celebration
請依下文回答第45題至第47題:
It’s essential to lie with maps. Amap must distort reality in order to portray a complex, three-dimensional world on a flat
sheet of paper. In other words, a map is a 45 model, but the symbols it uses for parks and other places arenotdrawn
to the same scale.Amap cannot show everything, or it will hide critical information in a fog of 46 . The map, therefore,
must offer a selective view of reality. There’s no escape from the cartographic 47 : to present a useful and truthful
picture, an accurate map must tell white lies.
45 portable predestined satiric scale
46 article detail ingredient item
47 crux engima mystery paradox
請依下文回答第48題至第50題:
The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today—summed up, not altogether
accurately, commonly recognized as “research and development.” Yet historically this widespread faith in the economic
virtues of science is a somewhat recent phenomenon, dating back in the United States about 150 years, and in the Western
world as a whole not over 300 years at most. Even in this current era of large scale, intensive research and development,
the interrelationships involved in this process are often misunderstood. Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution,
science and technology evolved for the most part independently of each other. Then as industrialization became more
and more complicated, the craft techniques of pre-industrial society gradually gave way to a technology based on the
systematic application of scientific knowledge and scientific methods. This changeover started slowly and progressed
unevenly. Until late in the nineteenth century, only a few industries could afford to use scientific techniques or cared
about using them.
Nevertheless, by the middle of the nineteenth century, the immense expansion of scientific knowledge and of public
awareness of it had created a belief that the advance of science would in some unspecified manner automatically create
economic benefits. The pervasive acceptance of this thesis led in turn to the assumption that the application of science to
industrial purposes was a linear process, starting with fundamental science, then proceeding to applied science or
technology, and through them to industrial use. This is probably the most general pattern, but it is not invariable. New
areas of science have been opened up and fundamental discoveries made as a result of attempts to solve a specific
technical or economic problem. On the contrary, scientists who mainly do basic research also serve as consultants on
projects that apply research in practical ways. In sum, the science-technology-industry relationship may flow in several
different ways, and the particular channel it will follow depends on the individual situation. It may at times even be
multidirectional.
48 What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
To show how technology influenced basic science
To describe the scientific base of nineteenth-century American industries
To correct misunderstandings about the connections between science, technology, and industry
To argue that basic science has no practical application
49 The word “altogether” is closest in meaning to
completely virtually individually irrevocably
50 Which of the following statements does the passage support?
The development ofscience and of industry is now interdependent.
Basic scientific research cannot lead to practical applications.
Industries should spend less money on research and development.
Science and technology are becoming more divided.