
第二篇:
Money is the number one source of tension and stress in relationships. It’s not just a source of tension for
couples with a low income. A recent survey found that among divorced people who 36 six-figure
incomes, 33% of them reported 37 over money as the main reason they got divorced. Clearly, money
problems 38 divorce.
In a sadly ironic twist, divorce also leads to money problems. Getting divorced is not cheap. A divorce
often involves splitting your assets, the possibility of child support or alimony, and paying for lawyer fees. The
price tag 39 fast. The average cost of divorce is around $15,000. For people in long-term, committed
relationships, the best thing you can do for your relationship and for your 40 is to have serious discussions
about money with your significant other.
【2】36. averaged earned cost intended
【1】37. conflicts entertainments obstructions entities
【4】38. lie in transfer from substitute for contribute to
【3】39. boils down blends in adds up amounts to
【1】40. wallet backpack passport apartment
四、閱讀測驗【請依照段落上下文意,選出最適當的答案】
第一篇:
The Stanford Prison Experiment was perceived by many to involve questionable ethics, the most serious
concern being that it was continued even after participants expressed their desire to withdraw. Despite the fact
that participants were told they had the right to leave at any time, Zimbardo did not allow this.
Since the time of the Stanford Prison Experiment, ethical guidelines have been established for experiments
involving human subjects. The Stanford Prison Experiment led to the implementation of rules to preclude any
harmful treatment of participants. Before they are implemented, human studies must now be reviewed and found
by an institutional review board (US) or ethics committee (UK) to be in accordance with ethical guidelines set
by the American Psychological Association. These guidelines involve the consideration of whether the potential
benefit to science outweighs the possible risk for physical and psychological harm.
A post-experimental debriefing is now considered an important ethical consideration to ensure that
participants are not harmed in any way by their experience in an experiment. Though Zimbardo did conduct
debriefing sessions, they were several years after the Stanford prison experiment. By that time numerous details
were forgotten; nonetheless, many participants reported that they experienced no lasting negative effects.
Current standards specify that the debriefing process should occur as soon as possible to assess what
psychological harm, if any, may have been done and to rehabilitate participants, if necessary. If there is an
unavoidable delay in debriefing, the researcher is obligated to take steps to minimize harm.
【1】41. According to this article, what was the most serious problem with the Stanford Prison Experiment?
It was continued even after participants expressed their desire to withdraw.
The experiment involved a lot of young human subjects.
Zimbardo did not tell the subjects that they could leave at any time.
The experiment was not reviewed by Stanford University.
【4】42. Which of the following measures was NOT mentioned as a result of the Stanford Prison Experiment?
They must be implement rules to preclude any harmful treatment of participants.
Many ethical guidelines have been established for experiments involving human subjects.
Human studies must now be reviewed by an institutional review board or ethics committee and found to be in
accordance with ethical guidelines.
All participants should be insured that they would get adequate compensation for the experiment.
【3】43. Why should human studies follow the ethical guidelines set by the American Psychological Association.?
To make sure there would be no conflict of interest in the study.
To provide all the scientists a safe environment to undergo any studies without being charged.
To make sure they consider whether the potential benefit to science outweighs the possible risk for physical
and psychological harm.
To give a debriefing to the public so that the world can learn from the study results.
【2】44. What was wrong with Zimbardo’s debriefing sessions according to this passage?
He didn’t specify the important details about the study.
He didn’t conduct it right after the experiment and a lot of details were missing.
It was not clear whether the participants experienced any lasting negative effects.
A lot of participants were harmed in the study.
【1】45. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “rehabilitate” in third paragraph?
heal repress inhibit accept
第二篇:
Unlike the average parent, a robot is never tired. It’s never annoyed, or distracted, or impatient—and,
according to author and AI ethics expert John C. Havens, that means robots might one day steal the right to raise
children away from humans.
“When it comes to roles that could be replaced by machines, the job of parenting is often not discussed,”
Havens wrote in a fascinating new story. “But if a focus on efficiency is valued above human caregiving in our
future, it’s possible that AI toys, personal assistants, or companion robots could someday replace humans as
parents.”
In the story, Havens details how various artificial intelligences are already taking over parenting tasks, like
reading bedtime stories and answering children’s questions, arguing that machines will “inevitably” outperform
human parents eventually in at least some ways. He also points to growing evidence that children can form
bonds with parental proxies, including smart assistants like Amazon’s Alexa—sometimes at the expense of the
parent/child relationship.
In other words, we could be headed toward a future in which robots are not only better than humans at the
practical aspects of parenting, but also preferred by children over mom and dad. At that point, the question of
whether parents should have a legal right to raise their children will come into play, so humans need to act now
to preserve that right to parent, according to Havens, “before they lose the chance.”
【2】46. What is the passage mainly about?
How to raise children correctly
Whether robots will replace parents in the future
Where to get good parenting advice
What human jobs will be lost to robots
【3】47. Which of the following is NOT true about robots?
Some parents use them to read stories to children.
They can educate children by providing answers to their questions.
Some parents give them legal rights to raise children.
They can do some parenting tasks better than humans.
【3】48. According to the passage, what might happen in the future?
Robots might learn to love children more than parents.
Robots will fight for legal rights to raise children.
Children might prefer robots over parents.
Children will abandon their parents because robots are easier to get along with.
【1】49. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Very few people have thought about the possibility of robots replacing parents.
Most parents do not like using robots.
It is unlikely for children to have feelings for robots.
Robots are better than humans only in tasks requiring physical strength.
【4】50. Which of the following will John Havens most likely agree with?
Children should not be allowed to use robots without adult supervision.
Scientists should design robots that can take care of all children’s needs.
Robots should be granted basic human rights, including the right to raise children.
Parents should be encouraged to give better care to and spend more quality time with children.